monkeypox

 monkeypox About

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Monkeypox is a contagious viral disease that can occur in both humans and other animals.  Symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that forms blisters and then crusts. [1] Symptoms range from 5 to 21 days.  The duration of symptoms is usually 2 to 4 weeks.  There may be mild symptoms, but it is not known how much it can occur without symptoms. The classic presentation of fever and muscle pain, followed by swollen glands, with lesions at the same stage, was not found to be common to all outbreaks.  Cases can be serious, especially in children, pregnant women or people with a weakened immune system.

The disease is caused by the monkeypox virus, a type of orthopox virus.  Of the two types of humans, the West African type causes less serious disease than the Central African (Congo Basin) type.  It can be spread by herbivorous meat, animal bites or scratches, body fluids, contaminants, or other close contact with an infected person.  Outbreaks appear to be exacerbated by small droplets and possibly by airway transmission. [1] [10]  After the wounds have crusted with some evidence of spreading for more than a week.  The virus is thought to have spread to some rats in Africa.  Diagnosis can be confirmed by examining the DNA of the virus.  The disease can look like chickenpox.

  There is no known remedy.  The smallpox vaccine has been shown to be about 85% protective in close contact to prevent infection and reduce the severity of the disease.  A new Smallpox and Monkeypox vaccine based on the revised vaccine Ankara has been approved, but with limited availability.  Other measures include regular hand washing and avoiding sick people and other animals.  Antiviral drugs, such as pseudofovir and tecovirimet, can be used during vaccine immunoglobulin and smallpox vaccine outbreaks. [11] [12] The risk of death varies from 0% to 11%.  Most people recover.

  The disease is no longer considered as rare as before;  Cases have increased significantly since 1980.  Scattered events occur frequently in Central and West Africa and are highly localized in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).  Hunters are most at risk in the tropical forests of Central and West Africa.  It was first identified in 1958 as a distinct disease among laboratory monkeys in Copenhagen, Denmark.  Monkeys are not a natural reservoir of the virus.  The first human case was reported in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1970.  An outbreak in the United States in 2003 was detected in a pet store that sold rats imported from Ghana.  Since 2017, there has been a major outbreak in Nigeria.  The 2022 monkeypox outbreak represents the first case of widespread community outbreak outside Africa, first detected in the UK in May 2022, later confirmed in at least 20 countries, [31] Europe, North America, South America, Asia, Africa and Australia.